Improvement in apparatus for bleaching threads, yarns



sind ditta.

JOHN ERNEST OLARNER, OF PAXVTUOKET, ASSIGNOR OF. ONE-HALE vHIS RIGHT TO BENJAMIN F. GREENE AND HORACE DANIELS, OF SMITHFIELD, RHODE ISLAND. -f

Letters Patent No. 109,177, dated November 15, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR BLEACH-ING THREADS, YARNS, &c

The Schedule referred to ln these Letters Patent and maki'ngpart o the same.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, J ons Ennns'r Chairmen, or' the town of Pawtucket, county of Providence, State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for use in connection with the Process of Bleaching Threads, Yarns, &c.

Myinvcntion consists in certain novel sqneezingde` vices, and in combining with the liquor-vats ot' the bleachery a set of graduated squeezing-rollers, by means of which the threads to be bleached may, when formed into a continuous chain of hanks or knots, be subjected to the continuous or uninterrupted action of the several chemical and `rinsing operations; and I do hereby declare that the following specification, taken in connection withthe drawing furnished and forming a part ofthe same, is a true, clear, and exact description thereof.

Figure l represents, in side elevation, a setof4 the graduating sipu-.czing-rollers, with one of the accompanying tanks.

Figure 2 represents the same in longitudinal vertical section.

Same letters of reference are used in both figures.

Figure 3 shows the saine in top view.

Figure 4 shows achain of knots or hanks of threat ready for the operation of bleaching.

A is a tank for containing any of the desired chemicals.

B is the base roller. It is mounted ou an axle having bearings fitted to suitable standards at each end. Iower is communicated thereto by .means ol" gearing in the usual manner.

` O is the crown roller. 1t is mounted on'an axle having bearings in a pirotcd lever, I), jointed toa standard, E.

F is a graduating spring-bar attached to the end of the tank, and projecting upward to a height considerably above the crown roller.

From this bar a cord, G, is drawn across the face ot' pulley, H, downto and connecting with a connect-ingbar, I, which joins the pivoted levers D.

The tank A is provided with dividing-bars K, ex-

'tending longitudinally from one top edge to the other.

During the .process ot' bleaching thread it is subjected substantially to the following operations in practically the order as stated.

First, it is boiled in caustic soda.

Second, rinsed.

Third, subjected to the action of bleachingpowders in solution.

Fourth, rinsed.

Fifth, subjected to the action of the sours, asolution of water and sulphuric acid.

g Sixth,l rinsed.

Seventh, washed in ends.

Eighth, rinsed.

Heretofore thread in hanlis or knots has been tied up in bundles of, say, from ten to fifty pounds, and carried through the various operations by hand. Bctween each ot' them the heavy wet bundles were removed from the boiling-heir, rinsed by hand, and conveyed to the next in order, and so on throughout the entire process.

Various attempts have been made to lessen the expense of handling the goods during the process, but none prior to my invention have proven of practical value.

In the handling of the thread in bundles, it is exceedingly ditlcult to get a uniform action ofthe chemicals, as it is obvious that the loosely-tied portions are more readily and completely affected than such as are tied more compactly. It is, therefore, often necessary toleave the mass of thread in the various solutions for a longer period than would be necessary if the action could possibly have been madeinore uniform.

I am aware that rollers have been 'constructed and used inthe old countries to a limited extent, which were capable of receiving, at one of their ends, the hanks of thread which encircled the rolls, and were then subjected to their compressing action. In such cases the labor of handling was increased over the'old method, and it therefore has never been practically adopted.

With my improved apparatus I proceed as follows:

llhe hanks or knots ot' thread are formed into a chain, after the manner shown in tig. Lt, and coiled in mass into thc keirs for boiling. After thisprocess the ends ofthe respective chains are conveyed to the first rilising-tank; thence under a guide-roller in the bottom of the tank, (not shown thence upward between the base and crown rollers, the several chains heilig kept apart and prevented from clogging in the -rolls by thc dividing-bars.

The respective rolls should be operated at a uniform speed, and the chains of thread made to remain as long in the various solutibns as would be requisite for properaction thereof. Carrying rollers should be placed between the tanks, to facilitate the free transit of the thread.

The time requisite for the action of the several solutions could readily be obtained and nicely regulated by having the rollers revolving at a certain speed, and by accumulating a. surplus of chain between the several rollers.

Should it be desirable to handle the thread in bundles during a part of the operation, and in chain while passing the rinsing-rollers, a great economy in handling will be effected, aswell as superior results, as compared with the old methods of rinsing.

ln passing the chain of banks between the rollers it is obvious that aloose knot, having a sli gh tly-increased thickness, 'occurs at each joint between the hanks.

'lo readily pass the knots I have arranged the graduated crown roller, which can be adjusted by tightening or loosening the spring line G. If several chains are passing the rolls at once, it is obvious that the entire weight of the crown roll should be permitted to bear upon the base roll and the intermediate chains, while, if but one or two chains were passing, the weight should' be proportionately graduated.

Having thus described my invention,

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters .Pat-

ent

1. The apparatus described, consisting essentially of the tank A, dividingbars K, base roller B, crown roller C, pivoted levers D, graduating spring-bar F, and cord G,operatingsubstantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. Combining, with the series of chemical and rinsing-tanks of a tln'ead-bleachery, a set of graduated rollers, B and C, arranged with relation thereto, substantially as described, whereby the thread to be bleached in a chain of hanls or knots maybe subjected to the continuous action of the chemical and Yrinsing operations, as and for the purposes set forth.

JOHN ERNEST GLARNER. Witnesses PETER F. HUGHES, A. J. GUsHrNG. 

